ABSTRACT
Avaliar o conhecimento sobre alimentação relacionada ao diabetes e identificarfatores que possam interferir na adesão à terapia nutricional e nas escolhas alimentaresde participantes de um Centro de Convivência de Idosos em Sairé-PE. Métodos: Estudoquantitativo, transversal e descritivo com 39 frequentadores do referido centro, de julho aagosto de 2014, portadores ou não de diabetes mellitus. Aplicaram-se dois questionáriospara avaliar dados socioeconômicos, conhecimento alimentar e fatores culturais, e verificaro consumo de alimentos de alto e baixo índice glicêmico. Os dados foram analisados atravésdo Programa Assistat versão 7.0 beta. Resultados: Observou-se que a maioria possuiconhecimentos sobre tipos de alimentos que podem influenciar no tratamento de diabetesmellitus, pois 51,2% (n=20) disseram conhecer algum alimento que pode reduzir os riscosde acometimento ou auxiliar no tratamento do diabetes. A maioria disse ter adquirido esseconhecimento por meio de televisão (35%; n=7) e conversa com conhecidos (35%; n=7).Verificando o consumo alimentar, constatou-se maior consumo de alimentos com alto índiceglicêmico. Porém, entre os diabéticos, viu-se que os alimentos de baixo índice glicêmicosão consumidos mais vezes por semana. Conclusão: Considerou-se adequado o nível deconhecimento em relação à alimentação e diabetes, mas viu-se que fatores socioeconômicose culturais podem interferir na adesão à dietoterapia ou nas escolhas alimentares dosindivíduos. Contudo, o consumo alimentar se mostrou mais adequado entre os diabéticos...
Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Diabetes Mellitus , EatingABSTRACT
Introduction Even with current highly active antiretroviral therapy, individuals with AIDS continue to exhibit important nutritional deficits and reduced levels of albumin and hemoglobin, which may be directly related to their cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) cell counts. The aim of this study was to characterize the nutritional status of individuals with human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) and relate the findings to the albumin level, hemoglobin level and CD4 cell count. Methods Patients over 20 years of age with AIDS who were hospitalized in a university hospital and were receiving antiretroviral therapy were studied with regard to clinical, anthropometric, biochemical and sociodemographic characteristics. Body mass index, percentage of weight loss, arm circumference, triceps skinfold and arm muscle circumference were analyzed. Data on albumin, hemoglobin, hematocrit and CD4 cell count were obtained from patient charts. Statistical analysis was performed using Fisher's exact test, Student's t-test for independent variables and the Mann-Whitney U-test. The level of significance was set to 0.05 (α = 5%). Statistical analysis was performed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 17.0 software for Windows. Results Of the 50 patients evaluated, 70% were male. The prevalence of malnutrition was higher when the definition was based on arm circumference and triceps skinfold measurement. The concentrations of all biochemical variables were significantly lower among patients with a body mass index of less than 18.5kg/m2. The CD4 cell count, albumin, hemoglobin and hematocrit anthropometric measures were directly related to each other. Conclusions These findings underscore the importance of nutritional follow-up for underweight patients with AIDS, as nutritional status proved to be related to important biochemical alterations. .